Here are the 8 questions from Daniel Kahneman's Nobel Prize-winning work on human decision-making:

1. Am I thinking fast or slow?
2. Am I too stressed to think clearly?
3. Is this a reversible decision?
4. What would you think about this if it were someone else's decision?
5. What would I think about this a year from now?
6. What would I advise a friend to do in this situation?
7. What's the quality of the evidence?
8. What are the opposing arguments?

Thinking Fast vs. Slow:

• Understand the difference between fast (intuitive, emotional, unconscious) and slow (analytical, logical, conscious) thinking.
• Use slow thinking for significant decisions, as it promotes better alignment with long-term goals.

Impact of Stress:

• Recognize that stress impairs decision-making by narrowing focus, amplifying negative emotions, and increasing risk-taking.
• Assess stress levels before making important choices to avoid rash decisions.

Reversibility of Decisions:

• Determine whether a decision is reversible or irreversible.
• Allocate mental energy accordingly and avoid decision paralysis by recognizing the flexibility of certain choices.

Objective Perspective:

• Gain objectivity by considering what you would think if someone else were making the same decision.
• This helps turn emotional decisions into logical analyses.

Long-term Impact:

• Consider how you will view the decision a year from now to combat the tendency to overvalue the present.
• This helps in making more future-oriented and less impulsive decisions.

Advising a Friend:

• Apply the advice you would give a friend in the same situation to yourself, leveraging emotional detachment and a desire for the best outcome.

Quality of Evidence:

• Critically evaluate the evidence supporting your decision.
• Assess the reliability, source, and potential biases of the information.

Considering Opposing Arguments:

• Deliberately consider counterarguments to your decision.
• This challenges assumptions, prepares for pitfalls, and can either strengthen your resolve or prevent a mistake.

Critical thinking and self-awareness is important in decision-making. Utilize Daniel Kahneman's principles for identifying and avoiding cognitive traps by using specific questions that encourage a more deliberate, analytical, and objective approach to making choices. These questions help individuals slow down, assess their emotional state, consider the long-term impact, evaluate the quality of evidence, and weigh opposing arguments, ultimately leading to better, more informed decisions.